A startup in Nova Scotia is conducting experiments to capture and store more carbon in the ocean, utilizing a new pilot facility to validate the idea. The ocean already acts as a significant repository for excess carbon dioxide, having absorbed approximately 30% of all human-induced carbon emissions since the 1980s.
pHathom, the company behind this initiative, aims to enhance the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by transforming it into a form that can be securely stored in the ocean for thousands of years. The initial trial will take place at the Huntsman Marine Science Centre in St. Andrews, New Brunswick, to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of the approach.
Kimberly Gilbert, the co-founder and CEO of pHathom, emphasized the importance of showcasing the local viability of the solution to address the global issue of climate change. The process mimics natural occurrences, where raindrops absorb carbon dioxide from the air as they fall, becoming slightly acidic. When these raindrops encounter alkaline rocks like limestone, a portion of the rock dissolves, converting carbon dioxide into bicarbonate. This bicarbonate can then be stored in the ocean for extended periods, effectively reducing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
Incorporating a similar concept, other companies in Nova Scotia are exploring variations of carbon removal techniques known as alkalinity enhancement. For instance, Planetary is experimenting with adding alkaline rock to seawater at Tufts Cove in Halifax to increase its pH for enhanced carbon dioxide absorption. CarbonRun is also deploying a comparable approach along rivers in Nova Scotia.
pHathom’s unique method involves utilizing concentrated carbon dioxide within a controlled reactor, which enhances efficiency and allows for precise environmental impact assessment. The pilot project aims to capture 0.1 tonnes of carbon dioxide daily, with plans for a larger-scale test in Nova Scotia next year. The company envisions integrating their reactor into a facility transitioning from a fossil-fuel boiler to a biomass system.
Despite the potential benefits, challenges such as energy consumption and scalability remain significant hurdles for carbon removal technologies. Researchers and experts stress the importance of transitioning away from fossil fuels while exploring innovative solutions to combat the climate crisis effectively.
While uncertainties persist due to recent policy changes affecting carbon capture projects in Canada, optimism remains within the industry. Companies like pHathom are preparing for a future where global action is imperative, ensuring their technology is proven and ready for deployment.
The Canadian Senate has recognized Canada’s leadership in ocean alkalinity enhancement research and calls for international collaboration and regulatory frameworks. As the world grapples with climate change, the necessity of exploring and implementing carbon removal technologies becomes increasingly urgent to mitigate environmental impacts and secure a sustainable future.